The recent Linux io_uring API has several advantages over ppoll(2) and
epoll(2). Details are given in the source code.
Add an io_uring implementation and make it the default on Linux.
Performance is the same as with epoll(7) but later patches add
optimizations that take advantage of io_uring.
It is necessary to change how aio_set_fd_handler() deals with deleting
AioHandlers since removing monitored file descriptors is asynchronous in
io_uring. fdmon_io_uring_remove() marks the AioHandler deleted and
aio_set_fd_handler() will let it handle deletion in that case.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200305170806.1313245-6-stefanha@redhat.com
Message-Id: <20200305170806.1313245-6-stefanha@redhat.com>
The AioHandler *node, bool is_new arguments are more complicated to
think about than simply being given AioHandler *old_node, AioHandler
*new_node.
Furthermore, the new Linux io_uring file descriptor monitoring mechanism
added by the new patch requires access to both the old and the new
nodes. Make this change now in preparation.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200305170806.1313245-5-stefanha@redhat.com
Message-Id: <20200305170806.1313245-5-stefanha@redhat.com>
The ppoll(2) and epoll(7) file descriptor monitoring implementations are
mixed with the core util/aio-posix.c code. Before adding another
implementation for Linux io_uring, extract out the existing
ones so there is a clear interface and the core code is simpler.
The new interface is AioContext->fdmon_ops, a pointer to a FDMonOps
struct. See the patch for details.
Semantic changes:
1. ppoll(2) now reflects events from pollfds[] back into AioHandlers
while we're still on the clock for adaptive polling. This was
already happening for epoll(7), so if it's really an issue then we'll
need to fix both in the future.
2. epoll(7)'s fallback to ppoll(2) while external events are disabled
was broken when the number of fds exceeded the epoll(7) upgrade
threshold. I guess this code path simply wasn't tested and no one
noticed the bug. I didn't go out of my way to fix it but the correct
code is simpler than preserving the bug.
I also took some liberties in removing the unnecessary
AioContext->epoll_available (just check AioContext->epollfd != -1
instead) and AioContext->epoll_enabled (it's implicit if our
AioContext->fdmon_ops callbacks are being invoked) fields.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200305170806.1313245-4-stefanha@redhat.com
Message-Id: <20200305170806.1313245-4-stefanha@redhat.com>
It is not necessary to scan all AioHandlers for deletion. Keep a list
of deleted handlers instead of scanning the full list of all handlers.
The AioHandler->deleted field can be dropped. Let's check if the
handler has been inserted into the deleted list instead. Add a new
QLIST_IS_INSERTED() API for this check.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200214171712.541358-5-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The ctx->first_bh list contains all created BHs, including those that
are not scheduled. The list is iterated by the event loop and therefore
has O(n) time complexity with respected to the number of created BHs.
Rewrite BHs so that only scheduled or deleted BHs are enqueued.
Only BHs that actually require action will be iterated.
One semantic change is required: qemu_bh_delete() enqueues the BH and
therefore invokes aio_notify(). The
tests/test-aio.c:test_source_bh_delete_from_cb() test case assumed that
g_main_context_iteration(NULL, false) returns false after
qemu_bh_delete() but it now returns true for one iteration. Fix up the
test case.
This patch makes aio_compute_timeout() and aio_bh_poll() drop from a CPU
profile reported by perf-top(1). Previously they combined to 9% CPU
utilization when AioContext polling is commented out and the guest has 2
virtio-blk,num-queues=1 and 99 virtio-blk,num-queues=32 devices.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200221093951.1414693-1-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Aborts when sqe fails to be set as sqes cannot be returned to the
ring. Adds slow path for short reads for older kernels
Signed-off-by: Aarushi Mehta <mehta.aaru20@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200120141858.587874-5-stefanha@redhat.com
Message-Id: <20200120141858.587874-5-stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
No header includes qemu-common.h after this commit, as prescribed by
qemu-common.h's file comment.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20190523143508.25387-5-armbru@redhat.com>
[Rebased with conflicts resolved automatically, except for
include/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.h hw/arm/nrf51_soc.c hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
block/qcow2-refcount.c block/qcow2-cluster.c block/qcow2-cache.c
target/arm/cpu.h target/lm32/cpu.h target/m68k/cpu.h target/mips/cpu.h
target/moxie/cpu.h target/nios2/cpu.h target/openrisc/cpu.h
target/riscv/cpu.h target/tilegx/cpu.h target/tricore/cpu.h
target/unicore32/cpu.h target/xtensa/cpu.h; bsd-user/main.c and
net/tap-bsd.c fixed up]
Attributes are simple flags, associated with individual timers for their
whole lifetime. They intended to be used to mark individual timers for
special handling when they fire.
New/init functions family in timer interface updated and refactored (new
'attribute' argument added, timer_list replaced with timer_list_group+type
combinations, comments improved to avoid info duplication). Also existing
aio interface extended with attribute-enabled variants of functions,
which create/initialize timers.
Signed-off-by: Artem Pisarenko <artem.k.pisarenko@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <f47b81dbce734e9806f9516eba8ca588e6321c2f.1539764043.git.artem.k.pisarenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
laio_init() can fail for a couple of reasons, which will lead to a NULL
pointer dereference in laio_attach_aio_context().
To solve this, add a aio_setup_linux_aio() function which is called
early in raw_open_common. If this fails, propagate the error up. The
signature of aio_get_linux_aio() was not modified, because it seems
preferable to return the actual errno from the possible failing
initialization calls.
Additionally, when the AioContext changes, we need to associate a
LinuxAioState with the new AioContext. Use the bdrv_attach_aio_context
callback and call the new aio_setup_linux_aio(), which will allocate a
new AioContext if needed, and return errors on failures. If it fails for
any reason, fallback to threaded AIO with an error message, as the
device is already in-use by the guest.
Add an assert that aio_get_linux_aio() cannot return NULL.
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <naravamudan@digitalocean.com>
Message-id: 20180622193700.6523-1-naravamudan@digitalocean.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
When we call addIOThread, the epollfd created in aio_context_setup,
but not close it in the process of delIOThread, so the epollfd will leak.
Reorder the code in aio_epoll_disable and reuse it.
Signed-off-by: Jie Wang <wangjie88@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <1526517763-11108-1-git-send-email-wangjie88@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
[Mention change to aio_epoll_disable in commit message. - Fam]
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
The name aio_context_in_iothread() is misleading because it also returns
true when called on the main AioContext from the main loop thread, which
is not an IOThread.
This patch renames it to in_aio_context_home_thread() and expands the
doc comment to make the semantics clearer.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
The main loop uses aio_disable_external()/aio_enable_external() to
temporarily disable processing of external AioContext clients like
device emulation.
This allows monitor commands to quiesce I/O and prevent the guest from
submitting new requests while a monitor command is in progress.
The aio_enable_external() API is currently broken when an IOThread is in
aio_poll() waiting for fd activity when the main loop re-enables
external clients. Incrementing ctx->external_disable_cnt does not wake
the IOThread from ppoll(2) so fd processing remains suspended and leads
to unresponsive emulated devices.
This patch adds an aio_notify() call to aio_enable_external() so the
IOThread is kicked out of ppoll(2) and will re-arm the file descriptors.
The bug can be reproduced as follows:
$ qemu -M accel=kvm -m 1024 \
-object iothread,id=iothread0 \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,iothread=iothread0,id=virtio-scsi-pci0 \
-drive if=none,id=drive0,aio=native,cache=none,format=raw,file=test.img \
-device scsi-hd,id=scsi-hd0,drive=drive0 \
-qmp tcp::5555,server,nowait
$ scripts/qmp/qmp-shell localhost:5555
(qemu) blockdev-snapshot-sync device=drive0 snapshot-file=sn1.qcow2
mode=absolute-paths format=qcow2
After blockdev-snapshot-sync completes the SCSI disk will be
unresponsive. This leads to request timeouts inside the guest.
Reported-by: Qianqian Zhu <qizhu@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170508180705.20609-1-stefanha@redhat.com
Suggested-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
They start the coroutine on the specified context.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
This patch prepares for the removal of unnecessary lockcnt inc/dec pairs.
Extract the dispatching loop for file descriptor handlers into a new
function aio_dispatch_handlers, and then inline aio_dispatch into
aio_poll.
aio_dispatch can now become void.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-17-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
aio_co_wake provides the infrastructure to start a coroutine on a "home"
AioContext. It will be used by CoMutex and CoQueue, so that coroutines
don't jump from one context to another when they go to sleep on a
mutex or waitqueue. However, it can also be used as a more efficient
alternative to one-shot bottom halves, and saves the effort of tracking
which AioContext a coroutine is running on.
aio_co_schedule is the part of aio_co_wake that starts a coroutine
on a remove AioContext, but it is also useful to implement e.g.
bdrv_set_aio_context callbacks.
The implementation of aio_co_schedule is based on a lock-free
multiple-producer, single-consumer queue. The multiple producers use
cmpxchg to add to a LIFO stack. The consumer (a per-AioContext bottom
half) grabs all items added so far, inverts the list to make it FIFO,
and goes through it one item at a time until it's empty. The data
structure was inspired by OSv, which uses it in the very code we'll
"port" to QEMU for the thread-safe CoMutex.
Most of the new code is really tests.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-3-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This will make it possible to walk the list of bottom halves without
holding the AioContext lock---and in turn to call bottom half
handlers without holding the lock.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170112180800.21085-4-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This will be used for AioHandlers too. There is going to be little
or no contention, so it is better to reuse the same lock.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170112180800.21085-2-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This patch is based on the algorithm for the kvm.ko halt_poll_ns
parameter in Linux. The initial polling time is zero.
If the event loop is woken up within the maximum polling time it means
polling could be effective, so grow polling time.
If the event loop is woken up beyond the maximum polling time it means
polling is not effective, so shrink polling time.
If the event loop makes progress within the current polling time then
the sweet spot has been reached.
This algorithm adjusts the polling time so it can adapt to variations in
workloads. The goal is to reach the sweet spot while also recognizing
when polling would hurt more than help.
Two new trace events, poll_grow and poll_shrink, are added for observing
polling time adjustment.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-13-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The begin and end callbacks can be used to prepare for the polling loop
and clean up when polling stops. Note that they may only be called once
for multiple aio_poll() calls if polling continues to succeed. Once
polling fails the end callback is invoked before aio_poll() resumes file
descriptor monitoring.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-11-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The AioContext event loop uses ppoll(2) or epoll_wait(2) to monitor file
descriptors or until a timer expires. In cases like virtqueues, Linux
AIO, and ThreadPool it is technically possible to wait for events via
polling (i.e. continuously checking for events without blocking).
Polling can be faster than blocking syscalls because file descriptors,
the process scheduler, and system calls are bypassed.
The main disadvantage to polling is that it increases CPU utilization.
In classic polling configuration a full host CPU thread might run at
100% to respond to events as quickly as possible. This patch implements
a timeout so we fall back to blocking syscalls if polling detects no
activity. After the timeout no CPU cycles are wasted on polling until
the next event loop iteration.
The run_poll_handlers_begin() and run_poll_handlers_end() trace events
are added to aid performance analysis and troubleshooting. If you need
to know whether polling mode is being used, trace these events to find
out.
Note that the AioContext is now re-acquired before disabling notify_me
in the non-polling case. This makes the code cleaner since notify_me
was enabled outside the non-polling AioContext release region. This
change is correct since it's safe to keep notify_me enabled longer
(disabling is an optimization) but potentially causes unnecessary
event_notifer_set() calls. I think the chance of performance regression
is small here.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-4-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The new AioPollFn io_poll() argument to aio_set_fd_handler() and
aio_set_event_handler() is used in the next patch.
Keep this code change separate due to the number of files it touches.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-3-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Polling mode will not call ppoll(2)/epoll_wait(2). Therefore we know
there are no fds ready and should avoid looping over fd handlers in
aio_dispatch().
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-2-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Commit 87f68d3182 (block: drop aio
functions that operate on the main AioContext) drops qemu_aio_wait
function references mostly while leaves these behind, clean up them.
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Message-Id: <1480566640-27264-3-git-send-email-baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It is simpler and a bit faster, and QEMU does not need the contention
callbacks (and thus the fairness) anymore.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-21-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
This is the first step towards having fine-grained critical sections in
dataplane threads, which will resolve lock ordering problems between
address_space_* functions (which need the BQL when doing MMIO, even
after we complete RCU-based dispatch) and the AioContext.
Because AioContext does not use contention callbacks anymore, the
unit test has to be changed.
Previously applied as a0710f7995 and
then reverted.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-19-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
This will be used by BDRV_POLL_WHILE (and thus by bdrv_drain)
to choose how to wait for I/O completion.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-12-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
qemu_bh_delete is already clearing bh->scheduled at the same time
as it's setting bh->deleted. Since it's not using any memory
barriers, there is no synchronization going on for bh->deleted,
and this makes the bh->deleted checks superfluous in aio_compute_timeout,
aio_bh_poll and aio_ctx_check.
Just remove them, and put the (bh->scheduled && bh->deleted) combo
to work in a new function aio_bh_schedule_oneshot. The new function
removes the need to save the QEMUBH pointer between the creation
and the execution of the bottom half.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Correct comments of field notify_me
Cc: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Cc: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cao jin <caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Message-id: 1468575858-22975-1-git-send-email-caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com
Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Parameter **errp of aio_context_setup() is useless, remove it
and clean up the related code.
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cao jin <caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1468578524-23433-1-git-send-email-caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This has better performance because it executes fewer system calls
and does not use a bottom half per disk.
Originally proposed by Ming Lei.
[Changed #include "raw-aio.h" to "block/raw-aio.h" in win32-aio.c to fix
build error as reported by Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>.
--Stefan]
Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1467650000-51385-1-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
squash! linux-aio: share one LinuxAioState within an AioContext
Re-run scripts/clean-includes to apply the previous commit's
corrections and updates. Besides redundant qemu/typedefs.h, this only
finds a redundant config-host.h include in ui/egl-helpers.c. No idea
how that escaped the previous runs.
Some manual whitespace trimming around dropped includes squashed in.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To minimize code duplication, epoll is hooked into aio-posix's
aio_poll() instead of rolling its own. This approach also has both
compile-time and run-time switchability.
1) When QEMU starts with a small number of fds in the event loop, ppoll
is used.
2) When QEMU starts with a big number of fds, or when more devices are
hot plugged, epoll kicks in when the number of fds hits the threshold.
3) Some fds may not support epoll, such as tty based stdio. In this
case, it falls back to ppoll.
A rough benchmark with scsi-disk on virtio-scsi dataplane (epoll gets
enabled from 64 onward). Numbers are in MB/s.
===============================================
| master | epoll
| |
scsi disks # | read randrw | read randrw
-------------|----------------|----------------
1 | 86 36 | 92 45
8 | 87 43 | 86 41
64 | 71 32 | 70 38
128 | 48 24 | 58 31
256 | 37 19 | 57 28
===============================================
To comply with aio_{disable,enable}_external, we always use ppoll when
aio_external_disabled() is true.
[Removed #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL around AioContext epollfd field declaration
since the field is also referenced outside CONFIG_EPOLL code.
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1446177989-6702-4-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This is the place to initialize platform specific bits of AioContext.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1446177989-6702-3-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This allows AioContext users to check the enable/disable state of
external clients.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1446177989-6702-2-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This patch introduces aio_bh_call function. It is used to execute
bottom halves as callbacks without adding them to the queue.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <pavel.dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
Message-Id: <20150917162450.8676.56980.stgit@PASHA-ISP.def.inno>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <Pavel.Dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
All callers pass in false, and the real external ones will switch to
true in coming patches.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Cody <jcody@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
The notify_me optimization introduced in commit eabc977973
("AioContext: fix broken ctx->dispatching optimization") skips
event_notifier_set() calls when the event loop thread is not blocked in
ppoll(2).
This optimization causes a deadlock if two aio_context_acquire() calls
race. notify_me = 0 during the race so the winning thread can enter
ppoll(2) unaware that the other thread is waiting its turn to acquire
the AioContext.
This patch forces ppoll(2) to return by scheduling a BH instead of
calling aio_notify().
The following deadlock with virtio-blk dataplane is fixed:
qemu ... -object iothread,id=iothread0 \
-drive if=none,id=drive0,file=test.img,... \
-device virtio-blk-pci,iothread=iothread0,drive=drive0
This command-line results in a hang early on without this patch.
Thanks to Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> for investigating this bug
with me.
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1438101249-25166-4-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Message-Id: <1438014819-18125-3-git-send-email-stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
It is pretty rare for aio_notify to actually set the EventNotifier. It
can happen with worker threads such as thread-pool.c's, but otherwise it
should never be set thanks to the ctx->notify_me optimization. The
previous patch, unfortunately, added an unconditional call to
event_notifier_test_and_clear; now add a userspace fast path that
avoids the call.
Note that it is not possible to do the same with event_notifier_set;
it would break, as proved (again) by the included formal model.
This patch survived over 3000 reboots on aarch64 KVM.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1437487673-23740-7-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This patch rewrites the ctx->dispatching optimization, which was the cause
of some mysterious hangs that could be reproduced on aarch64 KVM only.
The hangs were indirectly caused by aio_poll() and in particular by
flash memory updates's call to blk_write(), which invokes aio_poll().
Fun stuff: they had an extremely short race window, so much that
adding all kind of tracing to either the kernel or QEMU made it
go away (a single printf made it half as reproducible).
On the plus side, the failure mode (a hang until the next keypress)
made it very easy to examine the state of the process with a debugger.
And there was a very nice reproducer from Laszlo, which failed pretty
often (more than half of the time) on any version of QEMU with a non-debug
kernel; it also failed fast, while still in the firmware. So, it could
have been worse.
For some unknown reason they happened only with virtio-scsi, but
that's not important. It's more interesting that they disappeared with
io=native, making thread-pool.c a likely suspect for where the bug arose.
thread-pool.c is also one of the few places which use bottom halves
across threads, by the way.
I hope that no other similar bugs exist, but just in case :) I am
going to describe how the successful debugging went... Since the
likely culprit was the ctx->dispatching optimization, which mostly
affects bottom halves, the first observation was that there are two
qemu_bh_schedule() invocations in the thread pool: the one in the aio
worker and the one in thread_pool_completion_bh. The latter always
causes the optimization to trigger, the former may or may not. In
order to restrict the possibilities, I introduced new functions
qemu_bh_schedule_slow() and qemu_bh_schedule_fast():
/* qemu_bh_schedule_slow: */
ctx = bh->ctx;
bh->idle = 0;
if (atomic_xchg(&bh->scheduled, 1) == 0) {
event_notifier_set(&ctx->notifier);
}
/* qemu_bh_schedule_fast: */
ctx = bh->ctx;
bh->idle = 0;
assert(ctx->dispatching);
atomic_xchg(&bh->scheduled, 1);
Notice how the atomic_xchg is still in qemu_bh_schedule_slow(). This
was already debated a few months ago, so I assumed it to be correct.
In retrospect this was a very good idea, as you'll see later.
Changing thread_pool_completion_bh() to qemu_bh_schedule_fast() didn't
trigger the assertion (as expected). Changing the worker's invocation
to qemu_bh_schedule_slow() didn't hide the bug (another assumption
which luckily held). This already limited heavily the amount of
interaction between the threads, hinting that the problematic events
must have triggered around thread_pool_completion_bh().
As mentioned early, invoking a debugger to examine the state of a
hung process was pretty easy; the iothread was always waiting on a
poll(..., -1) system call. Infinite timeouts are much rarer on x86,
and this could be the reason why the bug was never observed there.
With the buggy sequence more or less resolved to an interaction between
thread_pool_completion_bh() and poll(..., -1), my "tracing" strategy was
to just add a few qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) calls, hoping
that the ordering of aio_ctx_prepare(), aio_ctx_dispatch, poll() and
qemu_bh_schedule_fast() would provide some hint. The output was:
(gdb) p last_prepare
$3 = 103885451
(gdb) p last_dispatch
$4 = 103876492
(gdb) p last_poll
$5 = 115909333
(gdb) p last_schedule
$6 = 115925212
Notice how the last call to qemu_poll_ns() came after aio_ctx_dispatch().
This makes little sense unless there is an aio_poll() call involved,
and indeed with a slightly different instrumentation you can see that
there is one:
(gdb) p last_prepare
$3 = 107569679
(gdb) p last_dispatch
$4 = 107561600
(gdb) p last_aio_poll
$5 = 110671400
(gdb) p last_schedule
$6 = 110698917
So the scenario becomes clearer:
iothread VCPU thread
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
aio_ctx_prepare
aio_ctx_check
qemu_poll_ns(timeout=-1)
aio_poll
aio_dispatch
thread_pool_completion_bh
qemu_bh_schedule()
At this point bh->scheduled = 1 and the iothread has not been woken up.
The solution must be close, but this alone should not be a problem,
because the bottom half is only rescheduled to account for rare situations
(see commit 3c80ca1, thread-pool: avoid deadlock in nested aio_poll()
calls, 2014-07-15).
Introducing a third thread---a thread pool worker thread, which
also does qemu_bh_schedule()---does bring out the problematic case.
The third thread must be awakened *after* the callback is complete and
thread_pool_completion_bh has redone the whole loop, explaining the
short race window. And then this is what happens:
thread pool worker
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<I/O completes>
qemu_bh_schedule()
Tada, bh->scheduled is already 1, so qemu_bh_schedule() does nothing
and the iothread is never woken up. This is where the bh->scheduled
optimization comes into play---it is correct, but removing it would
have masked the bug.
So, what is the bug?
Well, the question asked by the ctx->dispatching optimization ("is any
active aio_poll dispatching?") was wrong. The right question to ask
instead is "is any active aio_poll *not* dispatching", i.e. in the prepare
or poll phases? In that case, the aio_poll is sleeping or might go to
sleep anytime soon, and the EventNotifier must be invoked to wake
it up.
In any other case (including if there is *no* active aio_poll at all!)
we can just wait for the next prepare phase to pick up the event (e.g. a
bottom half); the prepare phase will avoid the blocking and service the
bottom half.
Expressing the invariant with a logic formula, the broken one looked like:
!(exists(thread): in_dispatching(thread)) => !optimize
or equivalently:
!(exists(thread):
in_aio_poll(thread) && in_dispatching(thread)) => !optimize
In the correct one, the negation is in a slightly different place:
(exists(thread):
in_aio_poll(thread) && !in_dispatching(thread)) => !optimize
or equivalently:
(exists(thread): in_prepare_or_poll(thread)) => !optimize
Even if the difference boils down to moving an exclamation mark :)
the implementation is quite different. However, I think the new
one is simpler to understand.
In the old implementation, the "exists" was implemented with a boolean
value. This didn't really support well the case of multiple concurrent
event loops, but I thought that this was okay: aio_poll holds the
AioContext lock so there cannot be concurrent aio_poll invocations, and
I was just considering nested event loops. However, aio_poll _could_
indeed be concurrent with the GSource. This is why I came up with the
wrong invariant.
In the new implementation, "exists" is computed simply by counting how many
threads are in the prepare or poll phases. There are some interesting
points to consider, but the gist of the idea remains:
1) AioContext can be used through GSource as well; as mentioned in the
patch, bit 0 of the counter is reserved for the GSource.
2) the counter need not be updated for a non-blocking aio_poll, because
it won't sleep forever anyway. This is just a matter of checking
the "blocking" variable. This requires some changes to the win32
implementation, but is otherwise not too complicated.
3) as mentioned above, the new implementation will not call aio_notify
when there is *no* active aio_poll at all. The tests have to be
adjusted for this change. The calls to aio_notify in async.c are fine;
they only want to kick aio_poll out of a blocking wait, but need not
do anything if aio_poll is not running.
4) nested aio_poll: these just work with the new implementation; when
a nested event loop is invoked, the outer event loop is never in the
prepare or poll phases. The outer event loop thus has already decremented
the counter.
Reported-by: Richard W. M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1437487673-23740-5-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
All users are converted to qemu_set_fd_handler now, drop
qemu_set_fd_handler2 and IOHandlerRecord.fd_read_poll.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1433400324-7358-9-git-send-email-famz@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This is the first step in pushing down acquire/release, and will let
rfifolock drop the contention callback feature.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1424449612-18215-3-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
By using thread-local storage, aio_poll can stop using global data during
g_poll_ns. This will make it possible to drop callbacks from rfifolock.
[Moved npfd = 0 assignment to end of walking_handlers region as
suggested by Paolo. This resolves the assert(npfd == 0) assertion
failure in pollfds_cleanup().
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1424449612-18215-2-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
I'll use it with block backends shortly, and the name is going to fit
badly there. It's a block layer thing anyway, not just a block driver
thing.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
I'll use BlockDriverAIOCB with block backends shortly, and the name is
going to fit badly there. It's a block layer thing anyway, not just a
block driver thing.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
On a system with a low limit of open files the initialization
of the event notifier could fail and QEMU exits without printing any
error information to the user.
The problem can be easily reproduced by enforcing a low limit of open
files and start QEMU with enough I/O threads to hit this limit.
The same problem raises, without the creation of I/O threads, while
QEMU initializes the main event loop by enforcing an even lower limit of
open files.
This commit adds an error message on failure:
# qemu [...] -object iothread,id=iothread0 -object iothread,id=iothread1
qemu: Failed to initialize event notifier: Too many open files in system
Signed-off-by: Chrysostomos Nanakos <cnanakos@grnet.gr>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Now that all the implementations are converted to asynchronous version
and we can emulate synchronous cancellation with it. Let's drop the
unused member.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Stefan Hajnoczi
Aarushi Mehta
Markus Armbruster
Artem Pisarenko
Nishanth Aravamudan
Jie Wang
Fam Zheng
Paolo Bonzini
Yaowei Bai
Cao jin
Pavel Dovgalyuk
Chrysostomos Nanakos