A BH callback can free the BH, causing a use-after-free in aio_bh_call.
Fix that by keeping a local copy of the re-entrancy guard pointer.
Buglink: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/detail?id=58513
Fixes: 9c86c97f12 ("async: Add an optional reentrancy guard to the BH API")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Bulekov <alxndr@bu.edu>
Message-Id: <20230501141956.3444868-1-alxndr@bu.edu>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
GCC13 reports an error :
../util/async.c: In function ‘aio_bh_poll’:
include/qemu/queue.h:303:22: error: storing the address of local variable ‘slice’ in ‘*ctx.bh_slice_list.sqh_last’ [-Werror=dangling-pointer=]
303 | (head)->sqh_last = &(elm)->field.sqe_next; \
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../util/async.c:169:5: note: in expansion of macro ‘QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL’
169 | QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ctx->bh_slice_list, &slice, next);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../util/async.c:161:17: note: ‘slice’ declared here
161 | BHListSlice slice;
| ^~~~~
../util/async.c:161:17: note: ‘ctx’ declared here
But the local variable 'slice' is removed from the global context list
in following loop of the same routine. Add a pragma to silent GCC.
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Henrique Barboza <danielhb413@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Henrique Barboza <danielhb413@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <20230420202939.1982044-1-clg@kaod.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Devices can pass their MemoryReentrancyGuard (from their DeviceState),
when creating new BHes. Then, the async API will toggle the guard
before/after calling the BH call-back. This prevents bh->mmio reentrancy
issues.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Bulekov <alxndr@bu.edu>
Reviewed-by: Darren Kenny <darren.kenny@oracle.com>
Message-Id: <20230427211013.2994127-3-alxndr@bu.edu>
[thuth: Fix "line over 90 characters" checkpatch.pl error]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Explain that aio_context_notifier_poll() relies on
aio_notify_accept() to catch all the memory writes that were
done before ctx->notified was set to true.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Ever since commit 8c6b0356b5 ("util/async: make bh_aio_poll() O(1)",
2020-02-22), synchronization between qemu_bh_schedule() and aio_bh_poll()
is happening when the bottom half is enqueued in the bh_list; not
when the flags are set. Update the documentation to match.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20221221131435.3851212-6-armbru@redhat.com>
Add/remove the AioContext in aio_context_list in graph-lock.c when it is
created/destroyed. This allows using the graph locking operations from
this AioContext.
In order to allow linking util/async.c with binaries that don't include
the block layer, introduce stubs for (un)register_aiocontext().
Signed-off-by: Emanuele Giuseppe Esposito <eesposit@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20221207131838.239125-5-kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Emanuele Giuseppe Esposito <eesposit@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
vCPU execution should be suspended when new BH is scheduled.
This is needed to avoid guest timeouts caused by the long cycles
of the execution. In replay mode execution may hang when
vCPU sleeps and block event comes to the queue.
This patch adds notification which wakes up vCPU or interrupts
execution of guest code.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <Pavel.Dovgalyuk@ispras.ru>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
--
v2: changed first_cpu to current_cpu (suggested by Richard Henderson)
v4: moved vCPU notification to aio_bh_enqueue (suggested by Paolo Bonzini)
Message-Id: <165364837317.688121.17680519919871405281.stgit@pasha-ThinkPad-X280>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The thread pool regulates itself: when idle, it kills threads until
empty, when in demand, it creates new threads until full. This behaviour
doesn't play well with latency sensitive workloads where the price of
creating a new thread is too high. For example, when paired with qemu's
'-mlock', or using safety features like SafeStack, creating a new thread
has been measured take multiple milliseconds.
In order to mitigate this let's introduce a new 'EventLoopBase'
property to set the thread pool size. The threads will be created during
the pool's initialization or upon updating the property's value, remain
available during its lifetime regardless of demand, and destroyed upon
freeing it. A properly characterized workload will then be able to
configure the pool to avoid any latency spikes.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenzju@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20220425075723.20019-4-nsaenzju@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
QEMU TLS macros must be used to make TLS variables safe with coroutines.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20220222140150.27240-3-stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Adaptive polling measures the execution time of the polling check plus
handlers called when a polled event becomes ready. Handlers can take a
significant amount of time, making it look like polling was running for
a long time when in fact the event handler was running for a long time.
For example, on Linux the io_submit(2) syscall invoked when a virtio-blk
device's virtqueue becomes ready can take 10s of microseconds. This
can exceed the default polling interval (32 microseconds) and cause
adaptive polling to stop polling.
By excluding the handler's execution time from the polling check we make
the adaptive polling calculation more accurate. As a result, the event
loop now stays in polling mode where previously it would have fallen
back to file descriptor monitoring.
The following data was collected with virtio-blk num-queues=2
event_idx=off using an IOThread. Before:
168k IOPS, IOThread syscalls:
9837.115 ( 0.020 ms): IO iothread1/620155 io_submit(ctx_id: 140512552468480, nr: 16, iocbpp: 0x7fcb9f937db0) = 16
9837.158 ( 0.002 ms): IO iothread1/620155 write(fd: 103, buf: 0x556a2ef71b88, count: 8) = 8
9837.161 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/620155 write(fd: 104, buf: 0x556a2ef71b88, count: 8) = 8
9837.163 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/620155 ppoll(ufds: 0x7fcb90002800, nfds: 4, tsp: 0x7fcb9f1342d0, sigsetsize: 8) = 3
9837.164 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/620155 read(fd: 107, buf: 0x7fcb9f939cc0, count: 512) = 8
9837.174 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/620155 read(fd: 105, buf: 0x7fcb9f939cc0, count: 512) = 8
9837.176 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/620155 read(fd: 106, buf: 0x7fcb9f939cc0, count: 512) = 8
9837.209 ( 0.035 ms): IO iothread1/620155 io_submit(ctx_id: 140512552468480, nr: 32, iocbpp: 0x7fca7d0cebe0) = 32
174k IOPS (+3.6%), IOThread syscalls:
9809.566 ( 0.036 ms): IO iothread1/623061 io_submit(ctx_id: 140539805028352, nr: 32, iocbpp: 0x7fd0cdd62be0) = 32
9809.625 ( 0.001 ms): IO iothread1/623061 write(fd: 103, buf: 0x5647cfba5f58, count: 8) = 8
9809.627 ( 0.002 ms): IO iothread1/623061 write(fd: 104, buf: 0x5647cfba5f58, count: 8) = 8
9809.663 ( 0.036 ms): IO iothread1/623061 io_submit(ctx_id: 140539805028352, nr: 32, iocbpp: 0x7fd0d0388b50) = 32
Notice that ppoll(2) and eventfd read(2) syscalls are eliminated because
the IOThread stays in polling mode instead of falling back to file
descriptor monitoring.
As usual, polling is not implemented on Windows so this patch ignores
the new io_poll_read() callback in aio-win32.c.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20211207132336.36627-2-stefanha@redhat.com
[Fixed up aio_set_event_notifier() calls in
tests/unit/test-fdmon-epoll.c added after this series was queued.
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The `aio-max-batch` parameter will be propagated to AIO engines
and it will be used to control the maximum number of queued requests.
When there are in queue a number of requests equal to `aio-max-batch`,
the engine invokes the system call to forward the requests to the kernel.
This parameter allows us to control the maximum batch size to reduce
the latency that requests might accumulate while queued in the AIO
engine queue.
If `aio-max-batch` is equal to 0 (default value), the AIO engine will
use its default maximum batch size value.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20210721094211.69853-3-sgarzare@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
BHs must be deleted before the AioContext is finalized. If not, it's a
bug and probably indicates that some part of the program still expects
the BH to run in the future. That can lead to memory leaks, inconsistent
state, or just hangs.
Unfortunately the assert(flags & BH_DELETED) call in aio_ctx_finalize()
is difficult to debug because the assertion failure contains no
information about the BH!
Use the QEMUBH name field added in the previous patch to show a useful
error when a leaked BH is detected.
Suggested-by: Eric Ernst <eric.g.ernst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210414200247.917496-3-stefanha@redhat.com>
It can be difficult to debug issues with BHs in production environments.
Although BHs can usually be identified by looking up their ->cb()
function pointer, this requires debug information for the program. It is
also not possible to print human-readable diagnostics about BHs because
they have no identifier.
This patch adds a name to each BH. The name is not unique per instance
but differentiates between cb() functions, which is usually enough. It's
done by changing aio_bh_new() and friends to macros that stringify cb.
The next patch will use the name field when reporting leaked BHs.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210414200247.917496-2-stefanha@redhat.com>
If we want to wake up a coroutine from a worker thread, aio_co_wake()
currently does not work. In that scenario, aio_co_wake() calls
aio_co_enter(), but there is no current AioContext and therefore
qemu_get_current_aio_context() returns the main thread. aio_co_wake()
then attempts to call aio_context_acquire() instead of going through
aio_co_schedule().
The default case of qemu_get_current_aio_context() was added to cover
synchronous I/O started from the vCPU thread, but the main and vCPU
threads are quite different. The main thread is an I/O thread itself,
only running a more complicated event loop; the vCPU thread instead
is essentially a worker thread that occasionally calls
qemu_mutex_lock_iothread(). It is only in those critical sections
that it acts as if it were the home thread of the main AioContext.
Therefore, this patch detaches qemu_get_current_aio_context() from
iothreads, which is a useless complication. The AioContext pointer
is stored directly in the thread-local variable, including for the
main loop. Worker threads (including vCPU threads) optionally behave
as temporary home threads if they have taken the big QEMU lock,
but if that is not the case they will always schedule coroutines
on remote threads via aio_co_schedule().
With this change, the stub qemu_mutex_iothread_locked() must be changed
from true to false. The previous value of true was needed because the
main thread did not have an AioContext in the thread-local variable,
but now it does have one.
Reported-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210609122234.544153-1-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
Tested-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>
[eblake: tweak commit message per Vladimir's review]
Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Add a function that can be used to move the currently running coroutine
to a different AioContext (and therefore potentially a different
thread).
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20201005155855.256490-12-kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
clang's C11 atomic_fetch_*() functions only take a C11 atomic type
pointer argument. QEMU uses direct types (int, etc) and this causes a
compiler error when a QEMU code calls these functions in a source file
that also included <stdatomic.h> via a system header file:
$ CC=clang CXX=clang++ ./configure ... && make
../util/async.c:79:17: error: address argument to atomic operation must be a pointer to _Atomic type ('unsigned int *' invalid)
Avoid using atomic_*() names in QEMU's atomic.h since that namespace is
used by <stdatomic.h>. Prefix QEMU's APIs with 'q' so that atomic.h
and <stdatomic.h> can co-exist. I checked /usr/include on my machine and
searched GitHub for existing "qatomic_" users but there seem to be none.
This patch was generated using:
$ git grep -h -o '\<atomic\(64\)\?_[a-z0-9_]\+' include/qemu/atomic.h | \
sort -u >/tmp/changed_identifiers
$ for identifier in $(</tmp/changed_identifiers); do
sed -i "s%\<$identifier\>%q$identifier%g" \
$(git grep -I -l "\<$identifier\>")
done
I manually fixed line-wrap issues and misaligned rST tables.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200923105646.47864-1-stefanha@redhat.com>
aio_notify() does not set ctx->notified when called with
ctx->aio_notify_me disabled. Therefore aio_notify_me needs to be enabled
during polling.
This is suboptimal since expensive event_notifier_set(&ctx->notifier)
and event_notifier_test_and_clear(&ctx->notifier) calls are required
when ctx->aio_notify_me is enabled.
Change aio_notify() so that aio->notified is always set, regardless of
ctx->aio_notify_me. This will make polling cheaper since
ctx->aio_notify_me can remain disabled. Move the
event_notifier_test_and_clear() to the fd handler function (which is now
no longer an empty function so "dummy" has been dropped from its name).
The next patch takes advantage of this by optimizing polling in
util/aio-posix.c.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200806131802.569478-3-stefanha@redhat.com
[Paolo Bonzini pointed out that the smp_wmb() in aio_notify_accept()
should be smp_wb() but the comment should be smp_wmb() instead of
smp_wb(). Fixed.
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The event_notifier_*() prefix can be confused with the EventNotifier
APIs that are also called event_notifier_*().
Rename the functions to aio_context_notifier_*() to make it clear that
they relate to the AioContext::notifier field.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200806131802.569478-2-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The glib event loop does not call fdmon_io_uring_wait() so fd handlers
waiting to be submitted build up in the list. There is no benefit is
using io_uring when the glib GSource is being used, so disable it
instead of implementing a more complex fix.
This fixes a memory leak where AioHandlers would build up and increasing
amounts of CPU time were spent iterating them in aio_pending(). The
symptom is that guests become slow when QEMU is built with io_uring
support.
Buglink: https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1877716
Fixes: 73fd282e7b ("aio-posix: add io_uring fd monitoring implementation")
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200511183630.279750-3-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
When using C11 atomics, non-seqcst reads and writes do not participate
in the total order of seqcst operations. In util/async.c and util/aio-posix.c,
in particular, the pattern that we use
write ctx->notify_me write bh->scheduled
read bh->scheduled read ctx->notify_me
if !bh->scheduled, sleep if ctx->notify_me, notify
needs to use seqcst operations for both the write and the read. In
general this is something that we do not want, because there can be
many sources that are polled in addition to bottom halves. The
alternative is to place a seqcst memory barrier between the write
and the read. This also comes with a disadvantage, in that the
memory barrier is implicit on strongly-ordered architectures and
it wastes a few dozen clock cycles.
Fortunately, ctx->notify_me is never written concurrently by two
threads, so we can assert that and relax the writes to ctx->notify_me.
The resulting solution works and performs well on both aarch64 and x86.
Note that the atomic_set/atomic_read combination is not an atomic
read-modify-write, and therefore it is even weaker than C11 ATOMIC_RELAXED;
on x86, ATOMIC_RELAXED compiles to a locked operation.
Analyzed-by: Ying Fang <fangying1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Ying Fang <fangying1@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <20200407140746.8041-6-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The ctx->first_bh list contains all created BHs, including those that
are not scheduled. The list is iterated by the event loop and therefore
has O(n) time complexity with respected to the number of created BHs.
Rewrite BHs so that only scheduled or deleted BHs are enqueued.
Only BHs that actually require action will be iterated.
One semantic change is required: qemu_bh_delete() enqueues the BH and
therefore invokes aio_notify(). The
tests/test-aio.c:test_source_bh_delete_from_cb() test case assumed that
g_main_context_iteration(NULL, false) returns false after
qemu_bh_delete() but it now returns true for one iteration. Fix up the
test case.
This patch makes aio_compute_timeout() and aio_bh_poll() drop from a CPU
profile reported by perf-top(1). Previously they combined to 9% CPU
utilization when AioContext polling is commented out and the guest has 2
virtio-blk,num-queues=1 and 99 virtio-blk,num-queues=32 devices.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20200221093951.1414693-1-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Commit 05e514b1d4 introduced an AIO
context optimization to avoid calling event_notifier_test_and_clear() on
ctx->notifier. On Windows, the same notifier is being used to wakeup the
wait on socket events (see commit
d3385eb448).
The ctx->notifier event is added to the gpoll sources in
aio_set_event_notifier(), aio_ctx_check() should clear the event
regardless of ctx->notified, since Windows sets the event by itself,
bypassing the aio->notified. This fixes qemu not clearing the event
resulting in a busy loop.
Paolo suggested to me on irc to call event_notifier_test_and_clear()
after select() >0 from aio-win32.c's aio_prepare. Unfortunately, not all
fds associated with ctx->notifiers are in AIO fd handlers set.
(qemu_set_nonblock() in util/oslib-win32.c calls qemu_fd_register()).
This is essentially a v2 of a patch that was sent earlier:
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2017-01/msg00420.html
that resurfaced when James investigated Spice performance issues on Windows:
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/spice/spice/issues/36
In order to test that patch, I simply tried running test-char on
win32, and it hangs. Applying that patch solves it. QIO idle sources
are not dispatched. I haven't investigated much further, I suspect
source priorities and busy looping still come into play.
This version keeps the "notified" field, so event_notifier_poll()
should still work as expected.
Cc: James Le Cuirot <chewi@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The tests/test-bdrv-drain /bdrv-drain/iothread/drain test case does the
following:
1. The preadv coroutine calls aio_bh_schedule_oneshot() and then yields.
2. The one-shot BH executes in another AioContext. All it does is call
aio_co_wakeup(preadv_co).
3. The preadv coroutine is re-entered and returns.
There is a race condition in aio_co_wake() where the preadv coroutine
returns and the test case destroys the preadv IOThread. aio_co_wake()
can still be running in the other AioContext and it performs an access
to the freed IOThread AioContext.
Here is the race in aio_co_schedule():
QSLIST_INSERT_HEAD_ATOMIC(&ctx->scheduled_coroutines,
co, co_scheduled_next);
<-- race: co may execute before we invoke qemu_bh_schedule()!
qemu_bh_schedule(ctx->co_schedule_bh);
So if co causes ctx to be freed then we're in trouble. Fix this problem
by holding a reference to ctx.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20190723190623.21537-1-stefanha@redhat.com
Message-Id: <20190723190623.21537-1-stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
No header includes qemu-common.h after this commit, as prescribed by
qemu-common.h's file comment.
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20190523143508.25387-5-armbru@redhat.com>
[Rebased with conflicts resolved automatically, except for
include/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.h hw/arm/nrf51_soc.c hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
block/qcow2-refcount.c block/qcow2-cluster.c block/qcow2-cache.c
target/arm/cpu.h target/lm32/cpu.h target/m68k/cpu.h target/mips/cpu.h
target/moxie/cpu.h target/nios2/cpu.h target/openrisc/cpu.h
target/riscv/cpu.h target/tilegx/cpu.h target/tricore/cpu.h
target/unicore32/cpu.h target/xtensa/cpu.h; bsd-user/main.c and
net/tap-bsd.c fixed up]
AIO Coroutines shouldn't by managed by an AioContext different than the
one assigned when they are created. aio_co_enter avoids entering a
coroutine from a different AioContext, calling aio_co_schedule instead.
Scheduled coroutines are then entered by co_schedule_bh_cb using
qemu_coroutine_enter, which just calls qemu_aio_coroutine_enter with the
current AioContext obtained with qemu_get_current_aio_context.
Eventually, co->ctx will be set to the AioContext passed as an argument
to qemu_aio_coroutine_enter.
This means that, if an IO Thread's AioConext is being processed by the
Main Thread (due to aio_poll being called with a BDS AioContext, as it
happens in AIO_WAIT_WHILE among other places), the AioContext from some
coroutines may be wrongly replaced with the one from the Main Thread.
This is the root cause behind some crashes, mainly triggered by the
drain code at block/io.c. The most common are these abort and failed
assertion:
util/async.c:aio_co_schedule
456 if (scheduled) {
457 fprintf(stderr,
458 "%s: Co-routine was already scheduled in '%s'\n",
459 __func__, scheduled);
460 abort();
461 }
util/qemu-coroutine-lock.c:
286 assert(mutex->holder == self);
But it's also known to cause random errors at different locations, and
even SIGSEGV with broken coroutine backtraces.
By using qemu_aio_coroutine_enter directly in co_schedule_bh_cb, we can
pass the correct AioContext as an argument, making sure co->ctx is not
wrongly altered.
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
laio_init() can fail for a couple of reasons, which will lead to a NULL
pointer dereference in laio_attach_aio_context().
To solve this, add a aio_setup_linux_aio() function which is called
early in raw_open_common. If this fails, propagate the error up. The
signature of aio_get_linux_aio() was not modified, because it seems
preferable to return the actual errno from the possible failing
initialization calls.
Additionally, when the AioContext changes, we need to associate a
LinuxAioState with the new AioContext. Use the bdrv_attach_aio_context
callback and call the new aio_setup_linux_aio(), which will allocate a
new AioContext if needed, and return errors on failures. If it fails for
any reason, fallback to threaded AIO with an error message, as the
device is already in-use by the guest.
Add an assert that aio_get_linux_aio() cannot return NULL.
Signed-off-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <naravamudan@digitalocean.com>
Message-id: 20180622193700.6523-1-naravamudan@digitalocean.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
When we call addIOThread, the epollfd created in aio_context_setup,
but not close it in the process of delIOThread, so the epollfd will leak.
Reorder the code in aio_epoll_disable and reuse it.
Signed-off-by: Jie Wang <wangjie88@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <1526517763-11108-1-git-send-email-wangjie88@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
[Mention change to aio_epoll_disable in commit message. - Fam]
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
The previous patch fixed a race condition, in which there were
coroutines being executing doubly, or after coroutine deletion.
We can detect common scenarios when this happens, and print an error
message and abort before we corrupt memory / data, or segfault.
This patch will abort if an attempt to enter a coroutine is made while
it is currently pending execution, either in a specific AioContext bh,
or pending execution via a timer. It will also abort if a coroutine
is scheduled, before a prior scheduled run has occurred.
We cannot rely on the existing co->caller check for recursive re-entry
to catch this, as the coroutine may run and exit with
COROUTINE_TERMINATE before the scheduled coroutine executes.
(This is the scenario that was occurring and fixed in the previous
patch).
This patch also re-orders the Coroutine struct elements in an attempt to
optimize caching.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Cody <jcody@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Commit b7a745d added a qemu_bh_cancel call to the completion function
as an optimization to prevent it from unnecessarily rescheduling itself.
This completion function is scheduled from worker_thread, after setting
the state of a ThreadPoolElement to THREAD_DONE.
This was considered to be safe, as the completion function restarts the
loop just after the call to qemu_bh_cancel. But, as this loop lacks a HW
memory barrier, the read of req->state may actually happen _before_ the
call, seeing it still as THREAD_QUEUED, and ending the completion
function without having processed a pending TPE linked at pool->head:
worker thread | I/O thread
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| speculatively read req->state
req->state = THREAD_DONE; |
qemu_bh_schedule(p->completion_bh) |
bh->scheduled = 1; |
| qemu_bh_cancel(p->completion_bh)
| bh->scheduled = 0;
| if (req->state == THREAD_DONE)
| // sees THREAD_QUEUED
The source of the misunderstanding was that qemu_bh_cancel is now being
used by the _consumer_ rather than the producer, and therefore now needs
to have acquire semantics just like e.g. aio_bh_poll.
In some situations, if there are no other independent requests in the
same aio context that could eventually trigger the scheduling of the
completion function, the omitted TPE and all operations pending on it
will get stuck forever.
[Added Sergio's updated wording about the HW memory barrier.
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20171108063447.2842-1-slp@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
They start the coroutine on the specified context.
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
There is no change for now, because the callback just invokes
qemu_notify_event.
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pull the increment/decrement pair out of aio_bh_poll and into the
callers.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-18-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This patch prepares for the removal of unnecessary lockcnt inc/dec pairs.
Extract the dispatching loop for file descriptor handlers into a new
function aio_dispatch_handlers, and then inline aio_dispatch into
aio_poll.
aio_dispatch can now become void.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-17-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-15-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The AioContext data structures are now protected by list_lock and/or
they are walked with FOREACH_RCU primitives. There is no need anymore
to acquire the AioContext for the entire duration of aio_dispatch.
Instead, just acquire it before and after invoking the callbacks.
The next step is then to push it further down.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-12-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
aio_co_wake provides the infrastructure to start a coroutine on a "home"
AioContext. It will be used by CoMutex and CoQueue, so that coroutines
don't jump from one context to another when they go to sleep on a
mutex or waitqueue. However, it can also be used as a more efficient
alternative to one-shot bottom halves, and saves the effort of tracking
which AioContext a coroutine is running on.
aio_co_schedule is the part of aio_co_wake that starts a coroutine
on a remove AioContext, but it is also useful to implement e.g.
bdrv_set_aio_context callbacks.
The implementation of aio_co_schedule is based on a lock-free
multiple-producer, single-consumer queue. The multiple producers use
cmpxchg to add to a LIFO stack. The consumer (a per-AioContext bottom
half) grabs all items added so far, inverts the list to make it FIFO,
and goes through it one item at a time until it's empty. The data
structure was inspired by OSv, which uses it in the very code we'll
"port" to QEMU for the thread-safe CoMutex.
Most of the new code is really tests.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-3-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
AioContext is fairly self contained, the only dependency is QEMUTimer but
that in turn doesn't need anything else. So move them out of block-obj-y
to avoid introducing a dependency from io/ to block-obj-y.
main-loop and its dependency iohandler also need to be moved, because
later in this series io/ will call iohandler_get_aio_context.
[Changed copyright "the QEMU team" to "other QEMU contributors" as
suggested by Daniel Berrange and agreed by Paolo.
--Stefan]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170213135235.12274-2-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Avoid entering the slow path of qemu_lockcnt_dec_and_lock if
no bottom half has to be deleted.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170112180800.21085-11-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This will make it possible to walk the list of bottom halves without
holding the AioContext lock---and in turn to call bottom half
handlers without holding the lock.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170112180800.21085-4-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This will be used for AioHandlers too. There is going to be little
or no contention, so it is better to reuse the same lock.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170112180800.21085-2-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
This patch is based on the algorithm for the kvm.ko halt_poll_ns
parameter in Linux. The initial polling time is zero.
If the event loop is woken up within the maximum polling time it means
polling could be effective, so grow polling time.
If the event loop is woken up beyond the maximum polling time it means
polling is not effective, so shrink polling time.
If the event loop makes progress within the current polling time then
the sweet spot has been reached.
This algorithm adjusts the polling time so it can adapt to variations in
workloads. The goal is to reach the sweet spot while also recognizing
when polling would hurt more than help.
Two new trace events, poll_grow and poll_shrink, are added for observing
polling time adjustment.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-13-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The AioContext event loop uses ppoll(2) or epoll_wait(2) to monitor file
descriptors or until a timer expires. In cases like virtqueues, Linux
AIO, and ThreadPool it is technically possible to wait for events via
polling (i.e. continuously checking for events without blocking).
Polling can be faster than blocking syscalls because file descriptors,
the process scheduler, and system calls are bypassed.
The main disadvantage to polling is that it increases CPU utilization.
In classic polling configuration a full host CPU thread might run at
100% to respond to events as quickly as possible. This patch implements
a timeout so we fall back to blocking syscalls if polling detects no
activity. After the timeout no CPU cycles are wasted on polling until
the next event loop iteration.
The run_poll_handlers_begin() and run_poll_handlers_end() trace events
are added to aid performance analysis and troubleshooting. If you need
to know whether polling mode is being used, trace these events to find
out.
Note that the AioContext is now re-acquired before disabling notify_me
in the non-polling case. This makes the code cleaner since notify_me
was enabled outside the non-polling AioContext release region. This
change is correct since it's safe to keep notify_me enabled longer
(disabling is an optimization) but potentially causes unnecessary
event_notifer_set() calls. I think the chance of performance regression
is small here.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-4-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The new AioPollFn io_poll() argument to aio_set_fd_handler() and
aio_set_event_handler() is used in the next patch.
Keep this code change separate due to the number of files it touches.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-3-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Polling mode will not call ppoll(2)/epoll_wait(2). Therefore we know
there are no fds ready and should avoid looping over fd handlers in
aio_dispatch().
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20161201192652.9509-2-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
It is simpler and a bit faster, and QEMU does not need the contention
callbacks (and thus the fairness) anymore.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-21-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
This is the first step towards having fine-grained critical sections in
dataplane threads, which will resolve lock ordering problems between
address_space_* functions (which need the BQL when doing MMIO, even
after we complete RCU-based dispatch) and the AioContext.
Because AioContext does not use contention callbacks anymore, the
unit test has to be changed.
Previously applied as a0710f7995 and
then reverted.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-19-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
aio_poll is not thread safe; for example bdrv_drain can hang if
the last in-flight I/O operation is completed in the I/O thread after
the main thread has checked bs->in_flight.
The bug remains latent as long as all of it is called within
aio_context_acquire/aio_context_release, but this will change soon.
To fix this, if bdrv_drain is called from outside the I/O thread,
signal the main AioContext through a dummy bottom half. The event
loop then only runs in the I/O thread.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <1477565348-5458-18-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Alexander Bulekov
Cédric Le Goater
Paolo Bonzini
Markus Armbruster
Emanuele Giuseppe Esposito
Pavel Dovgalyuk
Nicolas Saenz Julienne
Stefan Hajnoczi
Stefano Garzarella
Kevin Wolf
Aarushi Mehta
Frediano Ziglio
Marc-André Lureau
Sergio Lopez
Nishanth Aravamudan
Jie Wang
Jeff Cody
Fam Zheng