The migration parameters tls_creds, tls_authz and tls_hostname
currently have a non-uniform handling. When used as arguments to
migrate-set-parameters, their type is StrOrNull and when used as
return value from query-migrate-parameters their type is a plain
string.
Not only having to convert between the types is cumbersome, but it
also creates the issue of requiring two different QAPI types to be
used, one for each command. MigrateSetParameters is used for
migrate-set-parameters with the TLS arguments as StrOrNull while
MigrationParameters is used for query-migrate-parameters with the TLS
arguments as str.
Since StrOrNull could be considered a superset of str, change the type
of the TLS arguments in MigrationParameters to StrOrNull. Also ensure
that QTYPE_QNULL is never used.
1) migrate-set-parameters will always write QTYPE_QSTRING to
s->parameters, either an empty or non-empty string.
2) query-migrate-parameters will always return a QTYPE_QSTRING, either
empty or non-empty.
3) the migrate_tls_* helpers will always return a non-empty string or
NULL, for the internal migration code's consumption.
Points (1) and (2) above help simplify the parameters validation and
the query command handling because s->parameters is already kept in
the format that query-migrate-parameters (and info migrate_paramters)
expect. Point (3) is so people don't need to care about StrOrNull in
migration code.
This will allow the type duplication to be removed in the next
patches.
Note that the type of @tls_creds, @tls-hostname, @tls-authz changes
from str to StrOrNull in introspection of the query-migrate-parameters
command. We accept this imprecision to enable de-duplication.
There's no need to free the TLS options in
migration_instance_finalize() because they're freed by the qdev
properties .release method.
Temporary in this patch:
migrate_params_test_apply() copies s->parameters into a temporary
structure, so it's necessary to drop the references to the TLS options
if they were not set by the user to avoid double-free. This is fixed
in the next patches.
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251215220041.12657-6-farosas@suse.de
[peterx: in hmp_info_migrate_parameters(), remove an extra dump of
max_postcopy_bandwidth, introduced likely by accident]
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
It has always been possible to enable arbitrary migration capabilities
and attempt to take a snapshot of the VM with the savevm/loadvm
commands as well as their QMP counterparts
snapshot-save/snapshot-load.
Most migration capabilities are not meant to be used with snapshots
and there's a risk of crashing QEMU or producing incorrect
behavior. Ideally, every migration capability would either be
implemented for savevm or explicitly rejected.
Add a compatibility check routine and reject the snapshot command if
an incompatible capability is enabled. For now only act on the the two
that actually cause a crash: multifd and mapped-ram.
Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/issues/2881
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251007184213.5990-1-farosas@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Depending on the order of starting RDMA and setting capability,
they can be categorized into the following scenarios:
Source:
S1: [set capabilities] -> [Start RDMA outgoing]
Destination:
D1: [set capabilities] -> [Start RDMA incoming]
D2: [Start RDMA incoming] -> [set capabilities]
Previously, compatibility between RDMA and capabilities was verified only
in scenario D1, potentially causing migration failures in other situations.
For scenarios S1 and D1, we can seamlessly incorporate
migration_transport_compatible() to address compatibility between
channels and capabilities vs transport.
For scenario D2, ensure compatibility within migrate_caps_check().
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zhijian <lizhijian@fujitsu.com>
Message-ID: <20250305062825.772629-3-lizhijian@fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Export the migration_properties array size from options.c;
use that to feed device_class_set_props_n. We must remove
DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST so the count is correct.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Lei Yang <leiyang@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241218134251.4724-15-richard.henderson@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
migrate_zero_blocks is unused since
eef0bae3a7 ("migration: Remove block migration")
Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dave@treblig.org>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240919134626.166183-3-dave@treblig.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
migrate_cap_set has been unused since
18d154f575 ("migration: Remove 'blk/-b' option from migrate commands")
Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dave@treblig.org>
Reviewed-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240919134626.166183-2-dave@treblig.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Add the direct-io migration parameter that tells the migration code to
use O_DIRECT when opening the migration stream file whenever possible.
This is currently only used with the mapped-ram migration that has a
clear window guaranteed to perform aligned writes.
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
The 'compress' migration capability enables the old compression code
which has shown issues over the years and is thought to be less stable
and tested than the more recent multifd-based compression. The old
compression code has been deprecated in 8.2 and now is time to remove
it.
Deprecation commit 864128df46 ("migration: Deprecate old compression
method").
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
The block migration has been considered obsolete since QEMU 8.2 in
favor of the more flexible storage migration provided by the
blockdev-mirror driver. Two releases have passed so now it's time to
remove it.
Deprecation commit 66db46ca83 ("migration: Deprecate block
migration").
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
The block migration is considered obsolete and has been deprecated in
8.2. Remove the migrate command option that enables it. This only
affects the QMP and HMP commands, the feature can still be accessed by
setting the migration 'block' capability. The whole feature will be
removed in a future patch.
Deprecation commit 8846b5bfca ("migration: migrate 'blk' command
option is deprecated.").
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
The block incremental option for block migration has been deprecated
in 8.2 in favor of using the block-mirror feature. Remove it now.
Deprecation commit 40101f320d ("migration: migrate 'inc' command
option is deprecated.").
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
This new parameter controls where the zero page checking is running.
1. If this parameter is set to 'legacy', zero page checking is
done in the migration main thread.
2. If this parameter is set to 'none', zero page checking is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Hao Xiang <hao.xiang@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240311180015.3359271-4-hao.xiang@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
A small number of migration options are accessed by migration clients,
but to see them clients must include all of options.h, which is mostly
for migration core code. migrate_mode() in particular will be needed by
multiple clients.
Refactor the option declarations so clients can see the necessary few via
misc.h, which already exports a portion of the client API.
Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1710179319-294320-1-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Add a new migration capability 'mapped-ram'.
The core of the feature is to ensure that RAM pages are mapped
directly to offsets in the resulting migration file instead of being
streamed at arbitrary points.
The reasons why we'd want such behavior are:
- The resulting file will have a bounded size, since pages which are
dirtied multiple times will always go to a fixed location in the
file, rather than constantly being added to a sequential
stream. This eliminates cases where a VM with, say, 1G of RAM can
result in a migration file that's 10s of GBs, provided that the
workload constantly redirties memory.
- It paves the way to implement O_DIRECT-enabled save/restore of the
migration stream as the pages are ensured to be written at aligned
offsets.
- It allows the usage of multifd so we can write RAM pages to the
migration file in parallel.
For now, enabling the capability has no effect. The next couple of
patches implement the core functionality.
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Rosas <farosas@suse.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240229153017.2221-8-farosas@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Create a mode migration parameter that can be used to select alternate
migration algorithms. The default mode is normal, representing the
current migration algorithm, and does not need to be explicitly set.
No functional change until a new mode is added, except that the mode is
shown by the 'info migrate' command.
Signed-off-by: Steve Sistare <steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Message-ID: <1698263069-406971-2-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com>
Helper to say if we are doing a migration over rdma.
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Li Zhijian <lizhijian@fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Message-ID: <20231011203527.9061-2-quintela@redhat.com>
Migration bandwidth is a very important value to live migration. It's
because it's one of the major factors that we'll make decision on when to
switchover to destination in a precopy process.
This value is currently estimated by QEMU during the whole live migration
process by monitoring how fast we were sending the data. This can be the
most accurate bandwidth if in the ideal world, where we're always feeding
unlimited data to the migration channel, and then it'll be limited to the
bandwidth that is available.
However in reality it may be very different, e.g., over a 10Gbps network we
can see query-migrate showing migration bandwidth of only a few tens of
MB/s just because there are plenty of other things the migration thread
might be doing. For example, the migration thread can be busy scanning
zero pages, or it can be fetching dirty bitmap from other external dirty
sources (like vhost or KVM). It means we may not be pushing data as much
as possible to migration channel, so the bandwidth estimated from "how many
data we sent in the channel" can be dramatically inaccurate sometimes.
With that, the decision to switchover will be affected, by assuming that we
may not be able to switchover at all with such a low bandwidth, but in
reality we can.
The migration may not even converge at all with the downtime specified,
with that wrong estimation of bandwidth, keeping iterations forever with a
low estimation of bandwidth.
The issue is QEMU itself may not be able to avoid those uncertainties on
measuing the real "available migration bandwidth". At least not something
I can think of so far.
One way to fix this is when the user is fully aware of the available
bandwidth, then we can allow the user to help providing an accurate value.
For example, if the user has a dedicated channel of 10Gbps for migration
for this specific VM, the user can specify this bandwidth so QEMU can
always do the calculation based on this fact, trusting the user as long as
specified. It may not be the exact bandwidth when switching over (in which
case qemu will push migration data as fast as possible), but much better
than QEMU trying to wildly guess, especially when very wrong.
A new parameter "avail-switchover-bandwidth" is introduced just for this.
So when the user specified this parameter, instead of trusting the
estimated value from QEMU itself (based on the QEMUFile send speed), it
trusts the user more by using this value to decide when to switchover,
assuming that we'll have such bandwidth available then.
Note that specifying this value will not throttle the bandwidth for
switchover yet, so QEMU will always use the full bandwidth possible for
sending switchover data, assuming that should always be the most important
way to use the network at that time.
This can resolve issues like "unconvergence migration" which is caused by
hilarious low "migration bandwidth" detected for whatever reason.
Reported-by: Zhiyi Guo <zhguo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Joao Martins <joao.m.martins@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Message-ID: <20231010221922.40638-1-peterx@redhat.com>
Introduce migration dirty-limit capability, which can
be turned on before live migration and limit dirty
page rate durty live migration.
Introduce migrate_dirty_limit function to help check
if dirty-limit capability enabled during live migration.
Meanwhile, refactor vcpu_dirty_rate_stat_collect
so that period can be configured instead of hardcoded.
dirty-limit capability is kind of like auto-converge
but using dirty limit instead of traditional cpu-throttle
to throttle guest down. To enable this feature, turn on
the dirty-limit capability before live migration using
migrate-set-capabilities, and set the parameters
"x-vcpu-dirty-limit-period", "vcpu-dirty-limit" suitably
to speed up convergence.
Signed-off-by: Hyman Huang(黄勇) <yong.huang@smartx.com>
Acked-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <168618975839.6361.17407633874747688653-4@git.sr.ht>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Migration downtime estimation is calculated based on bandwidth and
remaining migration data. This assumes that loading of migration data in
the destination takes a negligible amount of time and that downtime
depends only on network speed.
While this may be true for RAM, it's not necessarily true for other
migrated devices. For example, loading the data of a VFIO device in the
destination might require from the device to allocate resources, prepare
internal data structures and so on. These operations can take a
significant amount of time which can increase migration downtime.
This patch adds a new capability "switchover ack" that prevents the
source from stopping the VM and completing the migration until an ACK
is received from the destination that it's OK to do so.
This can be used by migrated devices in various ways to reduce downtime.
For example, a device can send initial precopy metadata to pre-allocate
resources in the destination and use this capability to make sure that
the pre-allocation is completed before the source VM is stopped, so it
will have full effect.
This new capability relies on the return path capability to communicate
from the destination back to the source.
The actual implementation of the capability will be added in the
following patches.
Signed-off-by: Avihai Horon <avihaih@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Tested-by: YangHang Liu <yanghliu@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@redhat.com>
These way we can make them atomic and use this functions from any
place. I also moved all functions that use rate_limit to
migration-stats.
Functions got renamed, they are not qemu_file anymore.
qemu_file_rate_limit -> migration_rate_exceeded
qemu_file_set_rate_limit -> migration_rate_set
qemu_file_get_rate_limit -> migration_rate_get
qemu_file_reset_rate_limit -> migration_rate_reset
qemu_file_acct_rate_limit -> migration_rate_account.
Reviewed-by: Harsh Prateek Bora <harshpb@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20230515195709.63843-6-quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
So make everything that uses it uint64_t no int64_t.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20230504113841.23130-2-quintela@redhat.com>
It is valid that params->has_block_bitmap_mapping is true and
params->block_bitmap_mapping is NULL. So we can't use the trick of
having a single function.
Move to two functions one for each value and the tests are fixed.
Fixes: b804b35b1c
migration: Create migrate_block_bitmap_mapping() function
Reported-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
Message-Id: <20230503181036.14890-1-quintela@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
We used to flush all channels at the end of each RAM section
sent. That is not needed, so preparing to only flush after a full
iteration through all the RAM.
Default value of the property is false. But we return "true" in
migrate_multifd_flush_after_each_section() until we implement the code
in following patches.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Dr. David Alan Gilbert <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
---
Rename each-iteration to after-each-section
Rename multifd-sync-after-each-section to
multifd-flush-after-each-section
Move to machine-8.0 (peter)
Notice that we changed the test of ->has_block_bitmap_mapping
for the test that block_bitmap_mapping is not NULL.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
---
Make it return const (vladimir)
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
---
Moved the type to const char * (vladimir)
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
---
Moved the type to const char * (vladimir)
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
---
Moved the type to const char * (vladimir)
This makes the function more regular with everything else.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
Once there, make it more regular and remove the need for
MigrationState parameter.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
Once there, rename it to migrate_tls() and make it return bool for
consistency.
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
---
Fix typos found by fabiano
To be consistent with every other parameter, rename to
migrate_block_incremental().
Signed-off-by: Juan Quintela <quintela@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@yandex-team.ru>
Paolo Bonzini
Fabiano Rosas
Li Zhijian
Richard Henderson
Dr. David Alan Gilbert
Bryan Zhang
Hao Xiang
Steve Sistare
Juan Quintela
Peter Xu
Hyman Huang(黄勇)
Avihai Horon