this condition could only happen due to malloc failure.
the fdopen operation is also moved to take place after the unlink to
minimize the window during which a link to the file exists in the
directory table.
Due to an error introduced in commit fcc522c923,
checking of the remaining output buffer space was not performed correctly,
allowing malformed input to write past the end of the buffer.
In addition, the loop detection logic failed to account for the possibility
of infinite loops with no output, which would hang the function.
The output size is now limited more strictly so only names with valid length
are accepted.
this also affects the legacy gethostbyaddr family, which uses
getnameinfo as its backend.
some other minor changes associated with the refactoring of source
files are also made; in particular, the resolv.conf parser now uses
the same code that's used elsewhere to handle ip literals, so as a
side effect it can now accept a scope id for nameserver addressed with
link-local scope.
the service and protocol functions are defined also in other files,
and the protocol ones are actually non-nops elsewhere, so the weak
definitions in ent.c could have prevented the strong definitions from
getting pulled in and used in some static programs.
the old implementation preallocated a buffer in order to try to avoid
calling vsnprintf more than once. not only did this potentially lead
to memory fragmentation from trimming with realloc; it also pulled in
realloc/free, which otherwise might not be needed in a static linked
program.
for all address types, a scope_id specified as a decimal value is
accepted. for addresses with link-local scope, a string containing the
interface name is also accepted.
some changes are made to error handling to avoid unwanted fallbacks in
the case where the scope_id is invalid: if an earlier name lookup
backend fails with an error rather than simply "0 results", this
failure now suppresses any later attempts with other backends.
in getnameinfo, a light "itoa" type function is added for generating
decimal scope_id results, and decimal port strings for services are
also generated using this function now so as not to pull in the
dependency on snprintf.
in netdb.h, a definition for the NI_NUMERICSCOPE flag is added. this
is required by POSIX (it was previously missing) and needed to allow
callers to suppress interface-name lookups.
previously, all failures to obtain at least one address were treated
as nonexistant names (EAI_NONAME). this failed to account for the
possibility of transient failures (no response at all, or a response
with rcode of 2, server failure) or permanent failures that do not
indicate the nonexistence of the requested name. only an rcode of 3
should be treated as an indication of nonexistence.
since the buffer passed always has an actual size of 512 bytes, the
maximum possible response packet size, no out-of-bounds access was
possible; however, reading past the end of the valid portion of the
packet could cause the parser to attempt to process junk as answer
content.
when wcsrtombs stopped due to hitting zero remaining space in the
output buffer, it was wrongly clearing the position pointer as if it
had completed the conversion successfully.
this commit rearranges the code somewhat to make a clear separation
between the cases of ending due to running out of output buffer space,
and ending due to reaching the end of input or an illegal sequence in
the input. the new branches have been arranged with the hope of
optimizing more common cases, too.
the old resolver code used a function __ipparse which contained the
logic for inet_addr and inet_aton, which is needed in getaddrinfo.
this was phased out in the resolver overhaul in favor of directly
using inet_aton and inet_pton as appropriate.
this commit cleans up some stuff that was left behind.
this is the third phase of the "resolver overhaul" project.
this commit removes all of the old dns code, and switches the
__lookup_name backend (used by getaddrinfo, etc.) and the getnameinfo
function to use the newly implemented __res_mkquery and __res_msend
interfaces. for parsing the results, a new callback-based __dns_parse
function, based on __dns_get_rr from the old dns code, is used.
this is the second phase of the "resolver overhaul" project.
the key additions in this commit are the __res_msend and __res_mkquery
functions, which have been factored so as to provide a backend for
both the legacy res_* functions and the standard getaddrinfo and
getnameinfo functions. the latter however are still using the old
backend code; there is code duplication which still needs to be
removed, and this will be the next phase of the resolver overhaul.
__res_msend is derived from the old __dns_doqueries function, but
generalized to send arbitrary caller-provided packets in parallel
rather than producing the parallel queries itself. this allows it to
be used (completely trivially) as a backend for res_send. the
factored-out query generation code, with slightly more generality, is
now part of __res_mkquery.
this bug was introduced in the recent resolver overhaul commits. it
likely had visible symptoms. these were probably limited to wrongly
accepting truncated versions of over-long names (vs rejecting them),
as opposed to stack-based overflows or anything more severe, but no
extensive checks were made. there have been no releases where this bug
was present.
now that host and service lookup have been separated in the backend,
there's no need for service lookup functions to pull in the host
lookup code. moreover, dynamic allocation is no longer needed, so this
function should now be async-signal-safe. it's also significantly
smaller.
one change in getservbyname is also made: knowing that getservbyname_r
needs only two character pointers in the caller-provided buffer, some
wasted bss can be avoided.
these changes reduce the size of the function somewhat and remove many
of its dependencies, including free. in principle it should now be
async-signal-safe, but this has not been verified in detail.
minor changes to error handling are also made.
this is the first phase of the "resolver overhaul" project.
conceptually, the results of getaddrinfo are a direct product of a
list of address results and a list of service results. the new code
makes this explicit by computing these lists separately and combining
the results. this adds support for services that have both tcp and udp
versions, where the caller has not specified which it wants, and
eliminates a number of duplicate code paths which were all producing
the final output addrinfo structures, but in subtly different ways,
making it difficult to implement any of the features which were
missing.
in addition to the above benefits, the refactoring allows for legacy
functions like gethostbyname to be implemented without using the
getaddrinfo function itself. such changes to the legacy functions have
not yet been made, however.
further improvements include matching of service alias names from
/etc/services (previously only the primary name was supported),
returning multiple results from /etc/hosts (previously only the first
matching line was honored), and support for the AI_V4MAPPED and AI_ALL
flags.
features which remain unimplemented are IDN translations (encoding
non-ASCII hostnames for DNS lookup) and the AI_ADDRCONFIG flag.
at this point, the DNS-based name resolving code is still based on the
old interfaces in __dns.c, albeit somewhat simpler in its use of them.
there may be some dead code which could already be removed, but
changes to this layer will be a later phase of the resolver overhaul.
On 32 bit mips the kernel uses -1UL/2 to mark RLIM_INFINITY (and
this is the definition in the userspace api), but since it is in
the middle of the valid range of limits and limits are often
compared with relational operators, various kernel side logic is
broken if larger than -1UL/2 limits are used. So we truncate the
limits to -1UL/2 in get/setrlimit and prlimit.
Even if the kernel side logic consistently treated -1UL/2 as greater
than any other limit value, there wouldn't be any clean workaround
that allowed using large limits:
* using -1UL/2 as RLIM_INFINITY in userspace would mean different
infinity value for get/setrlimt and prlimit (where infinity is always
-1ULL) and userspace logic could break easily (just like the kernel
is broken now) and more special case code would be needed for mips.
* translating -1UL/2 kernel side value to -1ULL in userspace would
mean that -1UL/2 limit cannot be set (eg. -1UL/2+1 had to be passed
to the kernel instead).
using the existence of SYS_stat64 as the condition for remapping other
related syscalls is no longer valid, since new archs that omit the old
syscalls will not have SYS_stat or SYS_stat64, but still potentially
need SYS_fstat and others remapped. it would probably be possible to
get by with just one or two extra conditionals, but just breaking them
all down into separate conditions is robust and not significantly
heavier for the preprocessor.
somehow the remapping of this syscall to the 64-bit version was
overlooked. the issue was found, and patch provided, by Stefan
Kristiansson. presumably the reason this bug was not caught earlier is
that the syscall takes a pointer to off_t rather than a value, so on
little-endian systems, everything appears to work as long as the
offset value fits in the low 31 bits. on big-endian systems, though,
sendfile was presumably completely non-functional.
such archs are expected to omit definitions of the SYS_* macros for
syscalls their kernels lack from arch/$ARCH/bits/syscall.h. the
preprocessor is then able to select the an appropriate implementation
for affected functions. two basic strategies are used on a
case-by-case basis:
where the old syscalls correspond to deprecated library-level
functions, the deprecated functions have been converted to wrappers
for the modern function, and the modern function has fallback code
(omitted at the preprocessor level on new archs) to make use of the
old syscalls if the new syscall fails with ENOSYS. this also improves
functionality on older kernels and eliminates the incentive to program
with deprecated library-level functions for the sake of compatibility
with older kernels.
in other situations where the old syscalls correspond to library-level
functions which are not deprecated but merely lack some new features,
such as the *at functions, the old syscalls are still used on archs
which support them. this may change at some point in the future if or
when fallback code is added to the new functions to make them usable
(possibly with reduced functionality) on old kernels.
calling exit more than once invokes undefined behavior. in some cases
it's desirable to detect undefined behavior and diagnose it via a
predictable crash, but the code here was silently covering up an
uncommon case (exit from more than one thread) and turning a much more
common case (recursive calls to exit) into a permanent hang.
these all now use the shared __randname function internally, rather
than duplicating logic for producing a random name. incorrect usage of
the access syscall (which works with real uid/gid, not effective) has
been removed, along with unnecessary heavy dependencies like snprintf.
this was messed up during a recent commit when the socketcall macros
were moved to the common internal/syscall.h, and the following commit
expanded the problem by adding more new content outside the guard.
this only matters on x32 (and perhaps future 32-on-64 abis for other
archs); otherwise the type is long anyway. the cast through uintptr_t
prevents nonsensical "sign extension" of pointers, and follows the
principle that uintptr_t is the canonical integer type to which
pointer conversion is safe.
open is handled specially because it is used from so many places, in
so many variants (2 or 3 arguments, setting errno or not, and
cancellable or not). trying to do it as a function would not only
increase bloat, but would also risk subtle breakage.
this is the first step towards supporting "new" archs where linux
lacks "old" syscalls.
%C, %U, %W, and %y handling were completely missing; %C wrongly
fell-through to unrelated cases, and the rest returned failure. for
now, they all parse numbers in the proper forms and range-check the
values, but they do not store the value anywhere.
it's not clear to me whether, as "derived" fields, %U and %W should
produce any result. they certainly cannot produce a result unless the
year and weekday are also converted, but in this case it might be
desirable for them to do so. clarification is needed on the intended
behavior of strptime in cases like this.
%C and %y have well-defined behavior as long as they are used together
(and %y is defined by itself but may change in the future).
implementing them (including their correct interaction) is left as a
later change to be made.
finally, strptime now rejects unknown/invalid format characters
instead of ignoring them.
some of these may have been from ancient (pre-SUSv2) POSIX versions;
more likely, they were from POSIX drafts or glibc interpretations of
what ancient versions of POSIX should have added (instead they made
they described functionality mandatory and/or dropped it completely).
others are purely glibc-isms, many of them ill-thought-out, like
providing ways to lookup the min/max values of types at runtime
(despite the impossibility of them changing at runtime and the
impossibility of representing ULONG_MAX in a return value of type
long).
since our sysconf implementation does not support or return meaningful
values for any of these, it's harmful to have the macros around;
applications' build scripts may detect and attempt to use them, only
to get -1/EINVAL as a result.
if removing them does break some applications, and it's determined
that the usage was reasonable, some of these could be added back on an
as-needed basis, but they should return actual meaningful values, not
junk like they were returning before.
based on patch by Timo Teräs. previously, the value zero was used as a
literal zero, meaning that all invalid sysconf "names", which should
result in sysconf returning -1, had to be explicitly listed. (in
addition, it was not possible for sysconf to set errno to EINVAL, as
there was no distinction between -1 as an error and -1 as a valid
result.)
now, the value 0 is used for invalid/undefined slots in the table and
a new switch table entry is used for returning literal zeros.
in addition, an off-by-one error in checking against the table size is
fixed.
perhaps some additional legacy DOS-era codepages would also be useful
to have, but these are the ones for which there has been demand. the
size of the diff is due to the fact that legacychars.h is updated in
such a way that new characters are inserted into the table in unicode
codepoint order; thus other mappings in codepages.h have changed to
reflect the new table indices of their characters.
previously, setting TZ to the pathname of a file which was not a valid
zoneinfo file would usually cause programs using local time zone based
operations to crash. the new code checks the file size and magic at
the beginning of the file, which seems sufficient to prevent
accidental misconfiguration from causing crashes. attempting to make
fully-robust validation would be futile unless we wanted to drop use
of mmap (shared zoneinfo) and instead read it into a local buffer,
since such validation would be subject to race conditions with
modification of the file.
being static allows it to be inlined in __libc_start_main; inlining
should take place at all levels since the function is called exactly
once. this further reduces mandatory startup code size for static
binaries.
there is no reason (and seemingly there never was any) for
__init_security to be its own function. it's linked unconditionally
so it can just be placed inline in __init_libc.
moving the call to __init_ssp from __init_security to __init_libc
makes __init_security a leaf function, which allows the compiler to
make it smaller. __init_libc is already non-leaf, and the additional
call makes no difference to the amount of register spillage.
in addition, it really made no sense for the call to __init_ssp to be
buried inside __init_security rather than parallel with other init
functions.
since the form TZ=name is reserved for POSIX-form time zone strings,
TZ=:name needs to be used when the zoneinfo filename is in the
top-level zoneinfo directory and therefore does not contain a slash.
previously the leading colon was merely dropped, making it impossible
to access such zones without a full absolute pathname.
changes based on patch by Timo Teräs.
in cases where the memorized match range from the right factor
exceeded the length of the left factor, it was wrongly treated as a
mismatch rather than a match.
issue reported by Yves Bastide.
Rich Felker
Szabolcs Nagy
Timo Teräs
M Farkas-Dyck